Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Era and Sustainable Healthcare: Organization and Delivery of Health Economics Research (Principles and Clinical Practice) (preprint)

Health services research is a multidisciplinary discipline that aims to improve population health by studying healthcare services' organization, delivery, and financing. Over time, the field has worked to define its boundaries and establish a set of core research topics and methods addressing population wellbeing, access, quality, and cost. Although the influence of health technology is significant, our literature survey on health services research showed that SCs in general—containing their management, cost, and policy—had received little attention. Importantly, our assessment also showed that the system’s readiness to handle supply policy and supply device deficiencies like those encountered during pandemic was hardly ever mentioned. Reduced open areas and water bodies, deteriorating infrastructure, and changes in the biological morphology all affect cities’ uncontrollable and unplanned growth. Urban amenities, facilities, and healthcare services were unevenly distributed due to this unchecked urban population development. In light of this, this research suggests two reliable models for site selection issues for one of Hong Kong’s main hospitals. Levels of uncertainty, infeasibility tolerance, and reliability are taken into consideration. Then, two categories of uncertainty—symmetric and bound-ed—were examined. As a result, the challenge of scheduling in uncertainty has been considered, and potential solutions have been presented using a specified probability distribution function. The paper concludes by introducing the specific justice and health problems and outlining four typical strategies. In order to ensure that medications and other healthcare supplies are produced, distributed, and given to patients, a vast network of systems, components, and procedures must be effectively managed. This research contributes in this regard. Also, its grantee fairness in health systems and the populations health locally, nationally, and globally. It highlights health inequity, advances the measurement of health inequity, and promotes public dialogues on health inequity.

Identifying data elements and key features of a mobile-based self-care application for patients with COVID-19 in Iran.

Mobile Health applications have shown different usages in the COVID-19 pandemic, which consisted of empowering patient's awareness, promoting patient's self-care, and self-monitor behaviors. The purpose of this study is to identify key features and capabilities of a mobile-based application for self-care and self-management of people with COVID-19 disease. This study was a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in two main phases in 2020. In the first phase, a literature review study was performed. In the second phase, using the information obtained from the review of similar articles, a questionnaire was designed to validate identified requirements. Based on the results of the first phase, 53 data elements and technical key features for mobile-based self-care application for people with COVID-19 were identified. According to the statistical population, 11 data elements for demographic requirements, 11 data elements for clinical requirements, 15 data elements for self-care specifications, and 16 features for the technical capability of this app were determined. Most of the items were selected by infectious and internal medicine specialists (94%). This study supports that the use of mobile-based applications can play an important role in the management of this disease. Software design and development could help manage and improve patients' health status.

Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Mobile-Based Education and Self-Care Application for Covid-19 Disease: A Study Protocol (preprint)

Background: With an emphasis on implementing self-care protocols to control and manage coronavirus disease and its widespread prevalence as well as high transmission rate along with deficiencies in the health system, the use of technologies to implement care protocols, disease management, and control is undeniable. Therefore, the present study has been conducted aimed to design, implement and evaluate mobile-based self-care educational software for patients with Covid-19 in order to provide self-care protocols in an interactive environment for better disease control and management. Methods: The present study is applied and developmental that has been conducted in 2021in order to design, implement and evaluate mobile-based self-care training software for Covid-19.This study will be conducted at four stages.The fourth stage will be the open-label, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial and evaluation stage of software, in which the patients with Covid-19 who are required to self-quarantine at home and follow self-care protocols. The proposed clinical trial will be held at the medical centers in Ardabil and Khalkhal cites, for 4 weeks to assess the efficacy of mobile-based self-care educational software for patients with Covid-19 for better disease control. Conclusion: It is expected that the use that 4 weeks use of the application will improve measures of investigation. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20210509051231N1. Registered on 23 June 2021, https://www.irct.ir/user/trial/56352/view .